Mitopure Reviews

For centuries, humans have sought ways to overcome the inevitability of aging. This desire dates at least all the way back to the fourth century B.C. when legends circulated claiming Alexander the Great found a restorative “river of paradise.”1 Of course, that’s just a fictional story, but this is one of many examples showcasing how desirable the idea of better health and a longer life has been to humans throughout history.

Today, society’s longevity wishes are more rooted in science, with a focus on being healthier for longer — improving people’s “healthspan.” In recent years, countless supplements have been promoted as ways to better multiple aspects of health and well-being; one of those supplements is Mitopure (a proprietary form of urolithin A). Its developers claim Mitopure is a “naturally-occurring anti-aging compound” that can boost mitochondrial health, athletic performance, energy levels, and more.

In our review of Mitopure, we’ll analyze the supplements and skincare products that include it (and the research behind them) to help you decide if they’re right for you.

Mitopure is a research-supported proprietary form of the postbiotic urolithin-A. Studies on the compound largely show promise for mitochondrial and cellular health, athletic performance and recovery, skin aging, and other health applications. Despite a higher up-front price than competing products, Timeline’s offerings can be a worthwhile investment for those looking to boost mitochondrial health or improve recovery. The supplements’ NSF Certified for Sport status means you’re getting exactly what’s on the label (as long as your capsules don’t leak it out, as ours occasionally did). Our testers found that a little bit goes a long way with the company’s skincare products. Additionally, the customer service reps we interacted with were responsive and helpful, so you should be in good hands if you run into any issues.

Over the past two decades, Innerbody Research has helped tens of millions of readers make more informed decisions involving staying healthy and living healthier lifestyles.

Our team has spent well over 500 cumulative hours researching and testing supplements intended to improve your cellular health, such as NMN, NAD+, NR, and, now, Mitopure. For our review of this proprietary form of urolithin A, we read through dozens of studies and trials on the compound, including those on its safety profile and its effectiveness for a variety of concerns. We also combed through the research done specifically on Mitopure to ensure that both our analysis and the information we share with you are accurate. Our testers spoke with Timeline’s customer service team, purchased Mitopure products, and tested them out.

Additionally, like all health-related content on this website, this review was thoroughly vetted by one or more members of our Medical Review Board for accuracy.

When evaluating Mitopure, we considered four basic (yet important) criteria: its safety, how well it appears to work based on research, the cost of the products containing it, and the overall customer experience.

Safety

As noted by the authors of a 2024 systematic review on urolithin A studies with human subjects, there were no serious adverse reactions to the compound found “in any of the studies.”2 Concerns that the subjects occasionally reported, such as headaches and muscle pain, were determined not to be related to the use of urolithin A. However, it’s important to point out that the vast majority of studies were fairly short, so there hasn’t been research conducted yet on long-term effects.3

In terms of Mitopure, specifically, all of Timeline’s offerings are NSF Certified for Sport (they don’t contain contaminants or substances banned by major sports organizations) and they’re third-party tested for safety, purity, and potency.4 The company’s manufacturing adheres to Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP), along with other standards involving food safety, quality assurance, and the proper manufacturing of cosmetics (for the skincare line).

Timeline also explains that its Mitopure supplements are free from “the big eight” allergens: milk, eggs, fish, shellfish, peanuts, tree nuts, soybeans, and wheat.5 Rarely, someone could potentially have a reaction to the inactive supplement ingredients, such as rice fiber, sunflower lecithin, palm kernel MCT oil, or annatto (the capsules’ natural coloring). But, again, this risk is very low for the majority of people.

Effectiveness

Studies on urolithin A and Mitopure itself have shown that this compound holds a fair bit of promise. The most important thing that it seems able to do is activate mitophagy (also called mitochondrial autophagy) — your body’s process of breaking down dysfunctional mitochondria and replacing them with healthy ones.6 In a 2019 clinical trial, Mitopure supplementation at 500mg and 1,000mg both demonstrated bioavailability and improved biomarkers indicating mitochondrial health.7

As you age, your body doesn’t perform mitophagy as often or as efficiently, which could lead to your cells containing too many damaged mitochondria that aren’t working as intended.8 These dysfunctioning mitochondria can result in increased inflammation and a higher risk of chronic diseases, like cancer, dementia, cardiovascular disease, and so on.9 By improving your mitochondrial homeostasis, Mitopure may prevent long-term illnesses and, technically, increase your longevity.

Other studies on Mitopure and urolithin A have shown that the compound may increase leg muscle strength and aerobic endurance,10 promote better muscle recovery,11 reduce signs of skin aging, and more.12

We’ll provide more details on urolithin A and Mitopure research in the “How does Mitopure work?” section.

Cost

High-quality urolithin A options — Mitopure or not — are often on the pricey side for supplements. They will most likely be at least $60 or more per bottle. While there are some suspiciously affordable urolithin A supplements on the market, a lot of them don’t actually include what’s on the label. Researchers tested the contents of various urolithin A supplements and found that there was a “significant deviation from the labeled amounts.”13 In contrast, Mitopure is NSF Certified for Sport, meaning that what’s promised on the supplement label is what you get.

Nonetheless, Timeline’s Mitopure products can be expensive; a one-time purchase is $125 for a 30-day supply. You can save quite a bit on the supplement over time by subscribing for a longer duration, particularly the 4- or 12-month supplies, but that means paying either $380 or $1,020 up-front.

If you have an HSA/FSA account, you may be able to use it to pay for your Mitopure if you qualify. Timeline uses the service Truemed to determine eligibility.

We go into further detail on each Mitopure item’s cost under the “Timeline Mitopure products, pricing, and refunds” section later on.

Customer experience

While our overall customer experience with Timeline was positive, there are a few things that we feel the company could improve.

The purchasing process is smooth and uncomplicated; there’s no difficulty finding what you’re looking for, adding it to your cart, and checking out. Our products shipped two days after purchase and arrived three days after that, which is a pretty standard delivery time (a 5-day process in total). However, that’s when we noticed a couple of issues.

First, your Mitopure products — supplements and skincare — come in glass bottles. There’s nothing inherently wrong with that, it simply matters that they’re shipped safely. Unfortunately, the sole piece of packing material in our box was literally a single, slightly crumpled piece of paper placed on top of the products. If it was maybe a few pieces of paper, with some placed in-between products to provide cushioning, that’d be one thing, but this one piece of paper wasn’t protecting anything. Thankfully, the supplement bottle wasn’t broken.

However, while we can’t be entirely sure that the packaging caused this, some of our Mitopure capsules leaked out into the bottle, coating many of the pills in slippery oil. This was not only disappointing, but it could very well mean that some of those capsules don’t contain the full 500mg of Mitopure.

On a positive note, Timeline’s customer service was very helpful when we reached out with a few questions. The representative we spoke with went out of their way to consult with others on the team and make sure we received the information we needed. So, if you run into any issues — like capsule leakage or broken bottles — at least customer service will do their best to help you out.

A proprietary form of the compound urolithin A, Mitopure was developed by Amazentis SA, a life sciences company based in Lausanne, Switzerland. The company’s Mitopure products are sold under the brand Timeline (sometimes referred to as “Timeline Longevity” or “Timeline Nutrition” and often stylized as “Time—line”).

In contrast to other unbranded urolithin A supplements on the market, Mitopure has undergone an impressive amount of research, with five published pre-clinical studies, seven published clinical studies, and four in-progress clinical ones. (“Pre-clinical” means lab testing, like cell or animal studies, while “clinical” studies have been conducted with human subjects.)14 15

To quote the Alzheimer’s Drug Discovery Foundation, “The most well-validated form of urolithin A is the Mitopure formulation from Amazentis, as this is the form used in the majority of the clinical trials to date.”3

We’ll delve into some of the research findings later on in this review.

What is urolithin A?

Urolithin A is technically a postbiotic, meaning it’s something that’s left over after your gut bacteria break down certain ingredients or compounds. Typically, postbiotics are mentioned in the context of pre- and probiotics — probiotics eat prebiotics and leave behind postbiotics.16

In the case of urolithin A, it’s a bioavailable metabolite that’s left behind when you eat foods containing ellagitannins or ellagic acid.17 These polyphenols are found mainly in plant foods like pomegranates, berries, and walnuts.18

Unfortunately, researchers have found that “individuals show large differences in urolithin production capacity” due to everyone having different gut microbiomes.18 This means that there are urolithin A producers (40% of people) and non-producers (the remaining 60%).19 However, according to the results of a 2021 study, supplementation with urolithin A can “overcome” that limitation in non-producers.18

For more information on the potential benefits of urolithin A and Mitopure, we cover those details under the “How does Mitopure work?” section.

Timeline company standing

At the time of this writing, Timeline doesn’t have a Better Business Bureau (BBB) page; the business that may come up in a search, “Timeline LLC,” isn’t related to the Timeline we’re discussing. Similarly, Trustpilot’s page for Timeline is unclaimed, and there are only two reviews, both of which are 1-star (and one reads like an advertisement for a competing product).

The only place — besides Amazon — where we could find a decent amount of customer feedback for Timeline is on Junip, a Shopify app that merchants can use to collect reviews. The platform states that “all buyers are independently verified,” but we’d still prefer BBB or Trustpilot data. That being said, Timeline’s nearly 5,000 Junip reviews are predominantly positive, with an average rating of 4.46 stars and 97% of customers saying they would recommend the products. Positive reviews mention increased energy, less pain, more motivation, and improved recovery from exercise or injury.

Most of the negative reviews are about customers not experiencing any noticeable effects, having trouble with the shipping companies (like UPS or USPS, which Timeline has no control over), explaining side effects they had, or pointing out that their capsules were leaking. That last point is particularly notable, as our testers had the exact same thing happen to them.

Based on what’s currently known about urolithin A, Timeline’s Mitopure products could be for nearly any adult who wants to try them. However, since there hasn’t been any research on Mitopure supplementation in those who are pregnant, nursing, or planning to become pregnant, it may be safest to avoid the capsules and powder for the time being if you fall into those categories. And, as always, we recommend speaking with your doctor first before trying a new supplement, especially if you have any health conditions or take medication.

Now, while Mitopure products could technically be suitable for a large population of people, there are some who may benefit more from using them, including those who:

• Are athletes (professional or amateur)
• Have secondary mitochondrial dysfunction
• May be interested in improving their healthspan
• Have chronic inflammation
• Recently had an injury or operation
• Are seeking an alternative to retinol or other topical anti-aging ingredients
• Want to support their brain health

Note: It’s important to clarify that the majority of current mitochondria-related urolithin A and Mitopure studies focus on secondary mitochondrial dysfunction caused by aging or certain health conditions like Alzheimer’s disease, type 1 diabetes, multiple sclerosis (MS), cancer, and so on.20 There hasn’t been any notable research on the use of urolithin A or Mitopure for primary or genetic mitochondrial diseases. Some researchers have suggested that urolithin A may be something worth investigating for those concerns, but that’s as far as it seems to go for now.21 22 23

Mitopure should be safe for most healthy adults. Urolithin A, in general, has a very good safety track record, with the authors of a 2024 systematic review stating, “There were no serious adverse events attributed directly to UA reported in any of the studies. Observed adverse events such as myalgia and headaches were classified as mild to moderate and assessed as unrelated to the interventions.”2

The 2024 urolithin A research summary and analysis from the Alzheimer’s Drug Discovery Foundation makes a similar statement, but clarifies that most of the studies have been relatively short, so “long-term safety has not been established.”3

In terms of medication interactions, there hasn’t been any direct research on the effects urolithin A may have on prescriptions and vice versa. In a 2023 summary of the pharmacological effects of urolithin A, researchers mention that drugs that interact with “cytochrome P450 (CYP450) enzymes in the liver” may alter the metabolism of urolithin A.11 Interestingly, pomegranate — a source of urolithin A — interacts with cytochrome P450.24 With that in mind, urolithin A may interact with the same drugs as pomegranate, which include:25

• ACE inhibitors
• Blood pressure medication
• Statins
• Warfarin

Pivoting to the production of Timeline’s Mitopure products, the supplements are third-party tested for purity, safety, and potency, and they’re NSF Certified for Sport. That certification means that there are no unsafe levels of contaminants, the contents match what’s printed on the label, and the products don’t contain any of the 290 substances banned by major athletic organizations.4 Additionally, Mitopure products — both supplements and skincare — are manufactured in conditions adhering not only to GMP (Good Manufacturing Practices) but also FSSC 22000 (food safety),26 ISO 9001 (quality management),27 and ISO 22716 (proper cosmetics manufacturing) standards.28

Mitopure allergen information

Though Timeline’s Mitopure products are free from “the big eight” food allergens — milk, eggs, fish, shellfish, tree nuts, peanuts, wheat, and soybeans — some of the supplement’s inactive ingredients, including rice fiber (in the powder), MCT oil, lecithin, and annatto (in the capsules), may still trigger an allergic reaction in some people.5

After reaching out to Timeline, we can confirm that the company’s Mitopure capsules contain sunflower lecithin and MCT oil “from vegetable sources.” But, it’s important to point out that there are no true “vegetable” sources of MCT oil — it’s either coconut (fruit) or palm kernel (seed).29 The customer service representative we spoke with did note that it’s not coconut, so the only other option is palm kernel.

We found it interesting that Timeline was forthcoming about the precise type of lecithin in the Mitopure capsule, but a little more vague on the MCT oil source. This very well could be due to the concerns surrounding palm kernel oil, one of which is sustainability.30 However, in the last 20 years, efforts have been made to promote sustainable palm oil production, so the use of this oil doesn’t necessarily mean that the company is contributing to environmental harm.31

With that being said, let’s pivot back to potential rare allergens. These include:

• Rice fiber (powder): Though it’s uncommon, rice may cause an allergic reaction in 0.7-2% of the population in Western countries.32
• Palm kernel MCT oil (capsules): The data on palm kernel allergies mainly involves reactions to the plant’s pollen, not the oil.33 And Dr. Scott Sicherer, Deputy Editor of The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, explains that there are no “convincing case reports” of palm oil allergies and that it “is not a concern.”34 However, there are some anecdotal cases of sensitivities or allergic reactions.
• Sunflower lecithin (capsules): While you can be allergic to sunflower ingredients, sunflower lecithin has no measurable levels of protein, according to the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology, so the probability of a reaction is “low.”35 But, as with palm kernel oil, there are anecdotal reports of reactions.
• Annatto (capsules): As noted in a 2021 study on annatto, natural dyes can be a source of protein, which could lead to allergic reactions in some.36 Though far more research is needed, an allergy to annatto may be linked to other nut or seed allergies.37

Again, these are rare allergies. The vast majority of people should be able to take Mitopure powder or capsules without having an allergic reaction. Despite that, we still felt it was important to include this information for those who may need it. If you’re at all concerned about having a reaction to Mitopure, we recommend reaching out to your doctor.

The potentially beneficial effects of Mitopure (urolithin A) are largely due to its apparent ability to activate mitophagy.6 Basically, it kickstarts a sort of quality control process that helps your body “clean out” damaged or excess mitochondria. Once the defective mitochondria are gone, new ones are generated to replace them and maintain mitochondrial homeostasis.38

Below, we’ll break down some of the most promising applications of urolithin A, including (where applicable) research conducted specifically on Mitopure.

While much of the existing data is impressive, it’s worth pointing out that the research on urolithin A is still in its early stages, and more human research is needed.

Although researchers identified the compound over 40 years ago,39 it wasn’t until around 20 years later (in the early 2000s) that they gained a better understanding of how the polyphenols — ellagitannins and ellagic acid — in certain nuts and fruits, like pomegranate and walnuts, are metabolized within the gastrointestinal tract into urolithin A by gut microbiota.17 Also, interestingly, searching the PubMed research database shows that around 70% of studies on urolithin A were only published within the last six years or so.

To be clear, we are not trying to dismiss the potential of urolithin A; it’s just important to point out how “fresh” the scientific community’s understanding of it is. As with other subjects, our knowledge of urolithin A (and Mitopure) will very likely evolve over time.

At the time of this review, Timeline offers five core Mitopure products along with a collection of accessories and sample packs. The core items include:

• Mitopure Softgels (500mg per 2-capsule dose)
• Mitopure Powder (500mg per 0.1oz powder stick; berry-flavored)
• The Serum (1.0oz)
• The Day Cream (1.7oz)
• The Night Cream (1.69oz)

These are available as either one-time purchases or subscriptions, and shipping to U.S. addresses is always free. In the following sections, we’ll break down the pricing structures for both the supplements and the skincare items.

Mitopure capsule and powder pricing

First, let’s go over the supplements. (The capsules and powder have the exact same prices, number of doses, and subscription options.)

Mitopure skincare pricing

Now, let’s examine the cost of the Mitopure skincare products. Timeline claims that each should last 2-4 months, depending on use, so the “price per day” rows in the chart below reflect that range of time.

You can also purchase refills for the Day Cream and Night Cream (but not The Serum) if you already own the glass bottles the creams come in. These refills are $220 as a one-time purchase or $200 as a subscription. (Subscribers to the Day Cream and Night Cream are expected to reuse the glass bottles from their initial purchase and are sent refill packs.)

Additionally, all of the core Mitopure products, but not the bundles or accessories (more on them in a moment), can be purchased from Timeline’s official Amazon storefront. Single-purchase prices are the same, but the skincare items can’t be subscribed to, and you can only get a monthly subscription (10% off) for the capsules or powder — ultimately meaning that your savings options are more limited there.

Other Mitopure products

As mentioned earlier, Timeline also sells a few other Mitopure-related items, including accessories, bundles, and sample packs. These additional products can only be purchased on a one-time basis. Prices and details are as follows:

• Skin Health Prestige Box (one bottle of each skincare product): $699
• Mitopure Softgels & The Day Cream bundle: $300
• Mitopure Softgels & The Night Cream bundle: $300
• Mitopure Softgels Sample (3-day supply): $10
• Mitopure Powder Sample (3-day supply): $10
• The Day Cream 7-Day Trial Kit: $10
• The Night Cream 7-Day Trial Kit: $10
• Skincare Regimen Sample Pack (one packet of each skincare product): $10
• Timeline Cryo Spoons (for face and neck massage before skincare): $69
• Timeline Gua Sha (for face and neck massage before skincare): $49
• I ♥ My Mitochondria T-Shirt: $30

Timeline also used to offer a $10 trial kit of The Serum, but that seems to have been discontinued recently (its disappearance happened during the writing of this review). Now, the only way to try The Serum is by purchasing the Skincare Regimen Sample Pack.

Accepted payment methods

Currently, Timeline accepts the following payment methods at checkout:

If you have an HSA/FSA account, you may be eligible to use it to purchase Timeline Mitopure products through Truemed. If you want to see if you can use your HSA/FSA funds, just click on the “get pre-qualified” link above the “add to cart” button on any Timeline product page and fill out the health evaluation to get started.

Timeline’s subscription and return policies

All Timeline purchases are considered final sales, but the company will accept returns of products that were damaged or defective upon receipt. Refunds are only issued if Timeline receives the item back within 30 days of your original purchase. The customer is responsible for paying the return shipping fees.

When it comes to subscription management policies, Timeline isn’t the most convenient to deal with. Most of the supplement companies we come across nowadays give you the option to pause, manage, or cancel your subscription in your account info or customer dashboard. However, Timeline requires you to either email or call its customer service team for all of that.

As of this writing, the only thing you can do in your customer dashboard is update your payment information. This is one reason why it’s particularly important to consider the initial subscription delivery interval you sign up for. For instance, Timeline’s skincare products can last for up to four months, but that doesn’t mean they will — it all depends on your use. If you expect to use a lot of the product, then shorter intervals may be better, or vice versa.

Additionally, needing to contact the company for basic subscription management is made worse by the fact that the team is only available Monday through Friday between the hours of 9 a.m. and 5 p.m. PST. In the future, we hope Timeline will consider adding subscription management functionality to its customer dashboard for better customer convenience.

Though Mitopure has promising applications for many different needs, you might not be entirely sold on Timeline’s offerings. Thankfully, it isn’t the only potential option on the market; there are multiple different supplements and services that could suit your needs just as well — or maybe even better.

In the sections below, we’ll cover three possible alternatives.

fatty15

The supplement fatty15 contains a potentially beneficial saturated fat called C15:0 or pentadecanoic acid. Like Mitopure, C15:0 is a proprietary ingredient, and fatty15 supplements are only sold by its parent company, Seraphina Therapeutics. Another thing fatty15 has in common with Mitopure is that it, too, received a Generally Recognized As Safe (GRAS) notice from the FDA, meaning it should be safe for most people to take.

Research on the ingredient suggests that C15:0 could benefit cellular health, mitochondrial function, and inflammation, among other things.40

Price-wise, fatty15 is similarly expensive in up-front pricing as Mitopure, but the per-month costs are far less. For example, a one-time purchase of a fatty15 starter kit (a 90-day supply) is $149.95 or about $50 per month, whereas Timeline’s Mitopure supplements are $89-$125 per month.

If this sounds interesting to you, all the details are in our full fatty15 review.

Resveratrol supplements

Though its purported effects on human lifespan extension have not been backed up by solid scientific evidence, resveratrol — a polyphenol found in food items like grapes, wine, apples, and certain berries — may still be useful for a number of health concerns.41 42 These include:

• Some cancers43
• Inflammation44
• Alzheimer’s disease45
• Arthritis46
• Cardiovascular diseases47

Of course, as with Mitopure and urolithin A, more human research is needed to confirm (or deny) these potential benefits.

To learn more, check out our guide to the best resveratrol supplements on the market.

Prescription skincare

Although some positive research supports topical urolithin A for skin health and anti-aging, significantly less data is available compared to its use as a supplement. If you’re unsure about Mitopure’s skincare line — or you feel like it might be too mild of an approach — there are multiple online dermatology services available that can provide you with a product to suit your needs, many of which include heavily researched prescription ingredients. Moreover, a prescription from one of these services will likely cost half of what you’d pay for a Mitopure cream or serum.

A few of our favorite online dermatology options include:

• Curology (mainly for acne treatment)
• Agency (focused on aging and hyperpigmentation)
• Musely (offers a wide range of treatments for multiple dermatology concerns, e.g., aging, rosacea, dark spots, acne)